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Johnnycake from United States AI-generated image

Breads & Pastries United States

Johnnycake

Hailing from the United States, Johnnycake is a much-loved flatbread.

Last updated Aug 13, 2026 · Reviewed by the WhatWhereVacay editorial team

About Johnnycake

Hailing from the United States, Johnnycake is a much-loved flatbread. It is typically made with rice, milk, butter and potatoes.

History & Culture

The johnnycake's exact origins are debated, but it is widely recognized as a descendant of Native American corn-based breads. The name likely derives from "journey cake" for its portability or "Shawnee cake" after the Shawnee people, though the true etymology is uncertain. Colonists adopted the recipe, and it became a staple of early American frontier cooking.

Regional variations are significant: New England johnnycakes often use white cornmeal and milk, forming a dense, cake-like texture, while Southern hoecakes are thinner and griddle-fried. Rhode Island is particularly known for its stone-ground white flint corn version. Culturally, the johnnycake represents simplicity, resourcefulness, and a tangible link to colonial and indigenous history, often evoking nostalgia for early American life.

How to make Johnnycake

AI-assisted, not kitchen-tested

Rhode Island Johnnycakes

A classic New England breakfast flatbread made from a simple batter of mashed potatoes, rice flour, and milk, fried golden in butter until crisp at the edges and tender within.

Prep
10 min
Cook
20 min
Total
30 min
Serves
4
Difficulty
Easy

Recipe ingredients

  • 300 g (10½ oz) potatoes, russet or Yukon Gold
  • 120 g (¾ cup) rice flour, white rice flour; substitute finely milled long-grain rice if a proper rice flour is unavailable
  • 240 ml (1 cup) whole milk, or buttermilk for a tangier cake
  • 30 g (2 tbsp) unsalted butter, melted, plus extra for the pan
  • 5 g (1 tsp) fine sea salt
  • 3 g (1 tsp) granulated sugar, optional; skip for a fully savory cake
  • 30 g (2 tbsp) unsalted butter, for frying

Steps

  1. 1 Peel the potatoes, cut into 2.5 cm (1 in) chunks, and place in a saucepan. Cover with cold salted water, bring to a boil, and cook for 12 to 15 minutes until a knife slides through with no resistance. Drain well and return to the hot pan for 30 seconds to drive off excess moisture.
  2. 2 Rice or mash the potatoes while still hot until perfectly smooth - no lumps should remain. Measure out 240 g (about 1 cup) of mashed potato.
  3. 3 In a large bowl, whisk together the rice flour, salt, and sugar (if using). Add the mashed potato and mix with a wooden spoon to break it up into the flour.
  4. 4 Pour in the milk and the 30 g (2 tbsp) melted butter. Stir until you have a smooth, thick batter - about the consistency of thick pancake batter. If it feels stiff, add milk 15 ml (1 tbsp) at a time; if loose, dust in a little more rice flour. Let the batter rest for 10 minutes so the rice flour fully hydrates.
  5. 5 Heat a heavy cast-iron or non-stick skillet over medium heat. Add about 5 g (1 tsp) of the frying butter and swirl to coat.
  6. 6 Drop batter into the hot pan in 60 ml (¼-cup) portions, spacing them about 5 cm (2 in) apart. Gently flatten each mound with the back of a spoon to a round about 8 cm (3 in) across and 8 mm (⅓ in) thick.
  7. 7 Cook for 3 to 4 minutes on the first side, until the underside is deep golden and the edges look set and dry. Lift a corner to check the color; do not flip before the cake releases cleanly from the pan.
  8. 8 Flip and cook the second side for another 2 to 3 minutes until golden and cooked through. The center should feel set when pressed, not wet or doughy. Transfer to a plate and keep warm.
  9. 9 Repeat with the remaining batter, adding more butter to the pan as needed. Serve immediately, topped with a knob of butter and a drizzle of maple syrup, or with savory accompaniments such as bacon and eggs.
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Sources: none cited yet. The description and history on this page are AI-assisted and reviewed by the WhatWhereVacay editorial team; they are not taken from a cited reference, so check details locally before you rely on them. How we use AI

Where to eat it

In late summer, locals gather at Rhode Island clam shacks to eat johnnycakes dripping with butter alongside a bowl of chowder.

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Ingredients
Steps

Johnnycake - frequently asked questions

What is Johnnycake?

Hailing from the United States, Johnnycake is a much-loved flatbread. It is typically made with rice, milk, butter and potatoes.

What is Johnnycake made of?

Johnnycake is made with rice, milk, butter and potatoes.

Where does Johnnycake come from?

Johnnycake comes from United States. The johnnycake's exact origins are debated, but it is widely recognized as a descendant of Native American corn-based breads.

Where can I eat Johnnycake?

In late summer, locals gather at Rhode Island clam shacks to eat johnnycakes dripping with butter alongside a bowl of chowder.

How do you make Johnnycake?

Making Johnnycake at home takes about 10 minutes of prep and 20 minutes of cooking. The recipe on this page serves 4 and is rated easy. Full ingredient list and step-by-step method are in the recipe section above.

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