AI-generated image About Melonpan
A soft bread bun is wrapped in a thin cookie dough that bakes into a crisp, cracked, melon-patterned crust, though it tastes of vanilla rather than melon. It is a beloved Japanese bakery treat.
History & Culture
Melonpan is a Japanese sweet bread whose origins are debated, but it is widely believed to have emerged in the early 20th century, possibly inspired by Western pastries introduced during the Meiji era. The name comes from its appearance - the crisscross pattern on the cookie crust resembles a melon’s rind - though the flavor is typically vanilla or sometimes melon-flavored in modern variations.
Regional variations include different crust textures, such as the firm, biscuit-like topping common in Tokyo versus the softer, chewier version found in Hiroshima, where the dough is often made with rice flour. Culturally, melonpan is a nostalgic everyday treat in Japanese bakeries and convenience stores, often enjoyed with ice cream or as a snack, and it has become a symbol of Japanese baking craftsmanship worldwide.
How to make Melonpan
AI-assisted, not kitchen-testedMelonpan (Japanese Melon Bread)
A pillowy enriched bread bun encased in a crisp, sugar-coated cookie crust with the classic cracked 'melon' pattern. Despite the name, the flavor is pure buttery vanilla, just like the bakery favorite sold across Japan.
- Prep
- 150 min
- Cook
- 18 min
- Total
- 168 min
- Serves
- 8
- Difficulty
- Medium
Recipe ingredients
- 250 g (8.8 oz (about 2 cups)) bread flour, high-protein flour; all-purpose works in a pinch but gives a less chewy crumb
- 4 g (1 tsp) instant dry yeast
- 150 ml (2/3 cup) whole milk, lukewarm (38-40°C / 100-105°F)
- 30 g (2 Tbsp) granulated sugar
- 4 g (3/4 tsp) fine salt
- 25 g (1¾ Tbsp) unsalted butter, softened, for the bread dough
- 1 g (1/4 tsp) vanilla extract, or vanilla bean paste
- 120 g (about 1 cup) cake flour, or pastry flour; low-protein for a tender cookie crust
- 50 g (1/2 cup) cornstarch
- 100 g (scant 1/2 cup) unsalted butter, cold, cubed, for the cookie dough
- 80 g (6 Tbsp) powdered sugar, sifted; keeps the crust tender
- 1 large egg, cold, for the cookie dough
- 5 ml (1 tsp) vanilla extract, for the cookie dough
- 1 g (1/4 tsp) baking powder
- 60 g (1/2 cup) granulated sugar, for the crunchy coating
- 10 g (1 Tbsp) milk, for brushing the dough before sugar coating
Steps
- 1 Make the bread dough: whisk bread flour, yeast, sugar and salt in a bowl. Add lukewarm milk and knead by hand or stand mixer for 8-10 minutes until a rough dough forms. Add the softened butter and vanilla and continue kneading 8-10 more minutes until the dough is smooth, elastic and passes the windowpane test. Cover and bulk-ferment 60-75 minutes at 26-28°C until nearly doubled.
- 2 Make the cookie dough while the bread rises: sift cake flour and cornstarch together. Rub the cold butter into the dry mix until it looks like coarse sand. Stir in powdered sugar, then the egg, vanilla and baking powder. Bring together briefly into a smooth disc, wrap in plastic and chill 30 minutes.
- 3 Divide the chilled cookie dough into 8 equal pieces (~35 g each) and roll each into a thin round about 11-12 cm (4¼-4¾ in) across on parchment. Return to the fridge on the parchment until needed.
- 4 Punch down the bread dough, divide into 8 equal pieces (~55 g each) and shape each into a tight smooth ball. Rest covered for 10 minutes so they relax.
- 5 Brush each bread ball lightly with milk, then press the domed side down into the granulated sugar so the top is coated.
- 6 Lay each sugared bread ball on a cookie round, sugar-side up. Press the cookie dough up and around the sides to wrap the bun, leaving the sugared top exposed. Pinch the seam to seal underneath.
- 7 Place the wrapped buns seam-down on a parchment-lined tray, cover loosely and proof 30-40 minutes at 28-30°C until visibly puffy.
- 8 Score the cookie crust in a crosshatch 'melon' pattern with a very lightly oiled sharp knife or bench scraper, cutting just through the cookie layer without slicing the bread.
- 9 Bake at 180°C (350°F) on the middle rack for 16-20 minutes, rotating the tray once at the halfway mark. The cookie crust should be pale golden with deeper golden cracks and the bread interior should read 90-95°C (195-205°F) on an instant-read thermometer. The crust will crisp as it cools.
- 10 Cool on a rack for at least 15 minutes before eating so the interior crumb sets; serve the same day for the best contrast of crackly crust and soft bun.
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Where to eat it
A Japanese bakery, eaten fresh while the crust is crisp.
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Melonpan - frequently asked questions
What is Melonpan?
A soft bread bun is wrapped in a thin cookie dough that bakes into a crisp, cracked, melon-patterned crust, though it tastes of vanilla rather than melon. It is a beloved Japanese bakery treat.
What is Melonpan made of?
Melonpan is made with bread dough, cookie dough, sugar, butter and vanilla.
Where does Melonpan come from?
Melonpan comes from Japan, and is especially associated with Nationwide. Melonpan is a Japanese sweet bread whose origins are debated, but it is widely believed to have emerged in the early 20th century, possibly inspired by Western pastries introduced during the Meiji era.
Where can I eat Melonpan?
A Japanese bakery, eaten fresh while the crust is crisp.
How do you make Melonpan?
Making Melonpan at home takes about 150 minutes of prep and 18 minutes of cooking. The recipe on this page serves 8 and is rated medium. Full ingredient list and step-by-step method are in the recipe section above.
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